GSDA:Soil Type

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1 Soil Type Data
2 Soil Type Overview
3 Soil Type Tips

Soil Type Data

EPA

Obtain the HUC number for your watershed Obtain land use and soil type data from the EPA HUC index

The EPA offers land use and soil type shapefiles.

NRCS - State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) Database

Obtain STATSGO soil type data from the NRCS

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) supports the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). A website they have developed is the National Cartography and Geospatial Center (NCGC). Supplied on this website are numerous links and descriptions of geospatial datasets. Through these links it is possible to acquire soil type data maps from the two main soils databases; STATSGO, and SSURGO.

State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) Database

Details:

Database product files in three formats:
1. USGS Digital Line Graphs (DLG-3)
2. ArcInfo 7.0 Coverage
3. GRASS 4.13 Vector
Coordinate systems are:
1. Albers Conical Equal - Area: Continental U.S. and Alaska
2. UTM Zone 4: Hawaii
3. UTM Zone 19: Puerto Rico
Resolution at 1:250K scale, except Alaska (1:1M).
Complete coverage of U.S. and includes Puerto Rico.
Data files are downloadable in zip file compression.
Downloads are free (no cost).

Additional help obtaining soil type data (STATSGO format) from the NRCS

NRCS - Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database

It is possible to obtain SSURGO data from the NRCS by two methods. The first is the Soil Data Mart. The other is through the Geospatial Data Gateway. Both are accessible on the NCGC website.

Soil Data Mart

Obtain SSURGO soil type data from Soil Data Mart

Soil Data Mart is a data request site supported by the United Sates Department of Agriculture (USDA) through the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). From Soil Data Mart you can place orders requesting certain soil survey maps. It specifically caters to only soil data needs.

Details:

Database products available in three forms:
1. Tabular
2. Spatial
3. Template Database
Spatial products downloads provided in three formats:
1. ArcView Shapefile
2. ArcInfo Coverage
3. ArcInfo Interchange
Coordinate systems are available in a variety of projections:
1. Geographic
2. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
3. State Plane
Typical scale resolution between 1:16K and 1:64K.
Files can be downloaded only one survey at a time.
Data files are acquired in zip file compression.
Downloads are free (no cost).

Additional help obtaining soil type data (SSURGO format) from Soil Data Mart

Geospatial Data Gateway

Obtain SSURGO soil type data from the Geospatial Data Gateway

The Geospatial Data Gateway is a site sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) through the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). Numerous databases are available by means of the Geospatial Data Gateway including; transportation, census, land use / land cover, soil type, ortho imagery, elevation, and topographic maps. Description below applies to SSURGO soil type data only.

Details:

Database product files in three formats:
1. ESRI Shape File
2. ESRI Coverage
3. ESRI ASCII Export
Coordinate systems are available in a variety of projections:
1. Geographic
2. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
3. State Plane
Typical scale resolution between 1:16K and 1:64K.
Extensive coverage of U.S. (scheduled for completion in 2008).
Data files are downloadable in zip file compression.
Downloads are free (no cost).

Additional help obtaining soil type data (SSURGO format) from the Geospatial Data Gateway

Soil Type Overview

For watersheds with multiple soil types and land uses, a composite CN (CCN) must be calculated to estimate the infiltration losses. The NRCS (part of the USDA) supplies tables so that a CCN can be determined from soil type, land use, moisture condition, and hydrologic condition. In hydrology, soil type can be classified in many ways. The USDA classifies them according to their infiltration rate and are referred to as either A, B, C, or D soils. Soil type A has a high infiltration rate whereas soil type D usually consists of clays that are nearly impermeable (low infiltration) and produce higher volumes of runoff.